Fluid-recoil brake for guns.



PATENTED JUNE 4, 1907.

H. MOTZ & E. MLLER. FLUID REGOIL BRAKE FOR GUNS.

APPLIUATION FILED JAN. 18, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

w/TNEssEs No. 856,174. PATBNTBD JUNE 4, 1907. H. MOTZ & E. MLLER.

FLUID RECOIL BRAKE FOR GUNS.

APPLcA'rIoN FILED JAN. 1a, 190e.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1n: NoRRls PETERS co., wAsHmcraN. x74 c N; nn sTATfns PATENT orion.

HEINRICH MOTZ AND EMIL MLLER, OF DSSELDORF, GERMANY, ASSIGN- ORS TO RHEINISCHE METALLWAREN-UND MASCHINEN EABRIK, OF DUSSELDORF-DERENDORF, GERMANY.

FLUID-RECOIL BRAKE FOR GUNS.

Specification of Letters iatent.

Patented June 4, 1907.

Application filed January 18,1906. Serial No. 296,671.

To ZZZ whom, t may concern.-

Be it known that we, HEINRICH Morz, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Dsseldorf, 33 Gueisenaustrasse, Germany, and EMIL MLLER, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Dsseldorf, 33 Gueisenaustrasse, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Recoil Brakes for Guns and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to th at kind of fluid recoil brake for guns wherein the recoil and the return are controlled by the rotation of a piston which in rotating gradually covers and uncovers passages for the iluid, In the known brakes of this kind the piston is rotated during the recoil or return by the engagement of projections on the piston with helical grooves in the inner surface of the cylinder. This construction, however, impairs the tightness of the piston.

According to the present invention the piston is rotated during the recoil and the return by a groove and feather engagement between the piston and a rod extending through its center and fixed to the cylinder of the brake.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure l is a longitudinal section through the brake, the parts being in the position which they have at the beginning of the recoil; Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 2"-2 of Fig. l; Eig. 3 is a cross section through the brake cylinder and piston drawn to an enlarged scale; Fig. 4 is a similar section to that shown in Fig. l, the parts being in the position which they have at the beginning of the return, and Fig. 5 is a cross section through the cylinder behind the piston when the parts are in the position that they have in Fig. 4, drawn to an enlarged scale.

The brake cylinder Z1, containing fluid, is iirmly connected in the known manner with the gun a placed on the cradle Z. In the cyl inder there is a two-part piston comprising two relatively movable parts, the piston proper e and the head c. As shown, the pisn ton proper e is rotated during the backward movement of the cylinder owing to its engagement with helical grooves, ribs or the like, in or on a rod d fixed to the cylinder. The piston e is hollow and in one end has openings g for passage of iiuid during the return and in the other end openings f for passage of fluid during the recoil.

Fitting in the interior of the piston is the cylindrical head c of the hollow piston rod within which the rod (Z slides, passing through a suitable packing h if necessary. The head c has passages Zr through it and is not so long as the chamber within the piston, so that the latter can move to a slight extent in an axial direction.

At the beginning of the recoil of the gun a, and the cylinder ZJ, the piston e as shown in Fig. 1, is shifted by the fluid moving in the direction of the arrow, until the front wall of its interior chamber abuts against the head c thus forming a space between the rear wall and the head. The fluid now llows through the passages f 7c and g. At the same time the cylinder t and rod (Z are traveling in the direction of the arrow and the piston is being rotated relatively to the head c by its engagement with the grooves zZ in the rod (Z. The communication between the passages j' and Zr is thus gradually closed so that the recoil is checked. The arrow in Fig. 3 indicates the direction of rotation of the piston.

At the beginning of the return, which is produced by the spring t, the iiuid moving in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 4 shifts the piston until the rear wall of its interior chambers abuts against the head c, thus forming a space between the front wall and the head. The fluid can now iiow through passages g, k and f, but during the return movement of the gun and cylinder the piston is turned as before, this time in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 5, whereby the passages g and 7c are gradually closed and the return is checked.

The maximum travel of the gun is indicated at in Fig. 4.

While the rod UZ serves, in one sense, to guide or direct the piston in a straight path in its longitudinal movement, the term guide-rod or guiding surfaces as applied thereto in the claims refers to its function in guiding the piston to control the braking IOO effect, and in the embodiment shown this guiding is done by the engagement of the helical groove therein with the piston.

I-Iaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is:

1. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder having a substantially unbroken inner surface, and a piston movable therein, of a guiding surface directly connected with the piston to control the braking effect.

2. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder having a substantially unbroken inner surface, and a piston movable therein, of a guide rod having a guiding connection direct with the piston to control the braking effect.

3. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder having a substantially unbroken inner surface, and a valved piston movable therein, of a guiding surface directlyy connected with the piston to control the valves therein.

4. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder having a substantially unbroken inner surface, and a valved piston movable therein, of a guide rod having a guiding connection direct with the piston to control the valves therein.

5. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder, and a piston movable therein, of guiding means arranged independent of the cylinder and having a guiding engagement with the piston to control the braking effect.

6. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder, and a valved piston, of a guide rod having an engagement with the piston to control the valves therein.

7. In a fluid recoil brake for guns, the combination, with a cylinder and a valved piston movable therein, of a guide rod having a helical feather and groove connection with the piston.

8. In a fluid recoil brake for guns, the combination, with a cylinder, and a valved piston movable therein, of a guide rod iixed to the cylinder and having a helical feather and groove connection axially with the piston.

9, In a iiuid recoil brake for guns, the combination, with a cylinder, and a valved piston mounted on a hollow piston rod for move-' ment within the cylinder, of a guide rod slidably movable within the piston rod, and a feather and groove connection between the guide rod and the piston.

10. In a fluid recoil brake for guns, the combination, with a cylinder, and a piston mounted on a hollow piston rod for movement within the cylinder, of a guide rod fixed to the cylinder and slidably movable within the piston rod, and a feather and groove 'connection between the guide rod and piston.

11. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder, and a piston comprising two parts provided with ports and mounted on a piston rod to provide for relative movement, of guiding means independent of the cylinder and directly connected with one of said parts for imparting relative movement to the arts.

p 12. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder, and a piston comprising two parts provided with ports and mounted on a piston rod to provide for relative movement, of a guide rod directly connected with one of said parts for imparting relative movement to the arts.

13. n a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder, and a piston comprising two parts provided with ports and mounted one within the other upon a piston rod to provide for relative movement, of guiding means independent of the cylinder acting directly to impart relative movement to the parts.

14. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder, and a piston comprising two parts provided with coperating ports and mounted on a piston rod to provide for relative rotary movement, of guiding means independent of the cylinder and directly connected with one of said parts for imparting relative rotary movement to the parts.

15. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder, and a piston and a head provided with coperating ports and mounted one within the other to provide for relative rotary and axial movement, of guiding means independent -of the cylinder for imparting relative movement to the piston and head to control the valves therein.

16. In a recoil brake, the combination, with a cylinder, and a piston and a head provided with coperating ports and mounted one within the other to provide for relative rotary and axial movement, of a guide rod arranged axially of the piston and head to impart relative movement thereto to control the valves therein.

17. In a fluid recoil brake for guns, the combination, with a cylinder, a piston having ports therein and mounted on a piston rod to provide for a rotary and a slight axial movement relative thereto, and a head fixed to the piston rod and provided with ports cooperating with the ports in the piston, of a guide rod having a feather and groove connection with the piston.

18. In a fluid recoil brake for guns, the combination, with a cylinder, a piston and a piston head arranged one within the other and provided with co-operating ports, the said piston vand head mounted on a hollow piston rod to provide for a relative rotary and slight axial movement, of a iixed guide rod slidably movable within the piston rod, said guide rod provided with guiding means for imparting relative rotary movement to the piston and head.

19. In a iiuid recoil brake for guns, the

IOO

IIO

combination, with a cylinder, a hollow piston having ports therethrough and mounted on a piston head to provide for a rotary and a slight axial movement relative thereto, and a head iixed to the piston rod within the hollow piston, of a iixed guide rod having a heli- Gal feather and groove connection with the piston.

20. In a fluid recoil brake for guns, the Combination, with a cylinder, a hollow piston having ports therethrough and mounted on a hollow piston rod to provide fora rotary and slight axial movement relative thereto, and a head 'fixed to the piston rod Within the hollow piston and provided with ports oooperating with those in the piston, of a guide rod fixed to the Cylinder and having a helical feather and groove connection with the piston.

In testimony whereof we have affixed our signatures to this specification, in the presence of two witnesses.

HEINRIQH MOTZ. EMIL MULLER. 

